1. Understand the terms LAN and WAN
2. Understand the difference between a client-server and peer-to-peer network and know the benefits and drawbacks of each type of network
3. Understand the purpose of, and importance of using protocols, giving examples
4. Understand the term standard and the purpose and need for standards in a network
5. Understand the purpose and benefits of layering protocols, particularly with reference to the TCP/IP stack
6. Understand how data is transmitted on the Internet with the use of the use of IP addresses and packets in the transfer of data
7. Understand the purpose, function, benefits and drawbacks of both packet and circuit switching
8. Understand how the Domain Name System is used to find the IP of a URL is found
9. Have knowledge of the hardware required to connect to and/or build a network (e.g. modem, router, cable, NIC, Wireless Access Points, hub, switch etc)
10. Understand that there are a range of security issues and threats involved with networked computers
11. Understand the threats such as hackers, viruses, unauthorised access, denial of service, spyware, SQL injection, phishing and pharming
12. Understand the ways of minimising, or preventing these threats for example firewalls, secure passwords, anti-virus, anti-spyware
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